Year 1835 (MDCCCXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1835

January – June

• January 7 – The HMS Beagle anchors off the Chonos Archipelago, on the voyage of 1831-1836 with Charles Darwin.
• January 30 – An assassination is attempted against President Andrew Jackson in the United States Capitol (the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States).
• February 20 – Concepción, Chile is destroyed by an earthquake.
• March 2 – Ferdinand becomes Emperor of Austria.
• March 23 — The Mexican Academy of Language is established.
• April 18 – Lord Melbourne succeeds Sir Robert Peel as British Prime Minister.
• May 5
  • In Belgium a railway is opened between Brussels and Mechelen. It is the first railway in continental Europe (see Rail transport in Belgium).
  • Braulio Carrillo is sworn in as Head of State of Costa Rica.
• May 23 – The Mexican State of Aguascalientes is formed by decree of President Santa Anna.
• June 1 – Kingston Penitentiary in Kingston , Ontario opens.
• June 8 – The Australian city of Melbourne is founded by John Batman and John Pascoe Fawkner [1].

July – December

• August 25 – In the U.S., the New York Sun prints issue 1 of 6 for the Great Moon Hoax.
• September 7 – Charles Darwin arrives at the Galapagos Islands aboard the HMS Beagle.
• September 20 – Farroupilha's Revolution begins in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

• October 2 – Texas Revolution – Battle of Gonzales: Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, Texas but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.
• October 3 – Staedtler Company was founded by J.S. Staedtler in Nuremberg, Germany.
• November 16 – Comet Halley reaches perihelion, its closest approach to the sun.
• November 19 – A force of 500 Māori invade and enslave the peoples of the Chatham Islands.
• December 1 – Hans Christian Andersen publishes his first book of fairy tales.
• December 7 – The first German railway opens between Nürnberg and Fürth, named "der Adler" (The Eagle) (see History of rail transport in Germany).
• December 9 – The Army of the Republic of Texas captures San Antonio.
• December 16-17 – The Great Fire of New York destroys 530 buildings, including the New York Stock Exchange.
• December 20 – The Texas Declaration of Independence is first signed at Goliad, Texas.
• December 28 – USA: The Second Seminole War breaks out.
• December 29 – The Treaty of New Echota is signed between the United States Government and members of the Cherokee Tribe.

Undated

• The British Geological Survey is founded as the world's first national geological survey.
• De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, Copernicus' book on the motion of the Earth, is removed from the Index of Prohibited Books.
• Civil war erupts in Uruguay between supporters of Blanco and Colorado parties.
• Cachar Levy, forerunner of Assam Rifles, is founded in India.
• The first Bulgarian-language school opens in the Ottoman Empire.
• The French word for their language changes to français, from françois.
• Fort Cass is established, the military headquarters and site of the largest internment camps during the 1838 Trail of Tears.
• Charles-Louis Havas creates Havas, the first French news agency (which later spawns Agence France-Presse).
• English becomes the official language of India.
• Juan Manuel de Rosas becomes Caudillo of Argentina.

Births

January – June

• February 13 – Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (d. 1908)
• February 15 – Demetrius Vikelas, Greek International Olympic Committee president (d. 1908)
• February 18 – César Cui, Lithuanian composer (d. 1918)
• March 4 – John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (d. 1911)
• March 14 – Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer (d. 1910)
• March 15 – Eduard Strauss, Austrian composer (d. 1916)
• March 24 – Jožef Stefan, Slovenian physicist, mathematician, and poet (d. 1893)
• April 9 – King Léopold II of Belgium (d. 1909)
• May 3 – Alfred Austin, English poet (d. 1913)
• May 21 – František Chvostek, Moravian physician (d. 1884)
• June 2 – Pope Pius X, (d. 1914)
• June 26 – Thomas W. Knox, American author and journalist (d. 1896)

July – December

• July 7 – Ernest Giles, Australian explorer (d. 1897)
• July 10 – Henryk Wieniawski, Polish composer (d. 1880)
• July 27 – Giosuè Carducci, Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
• August 2 – Elisha Gray, American inventor and businessman (d. 1901)
• October 7 – Felix Draeseke, German composer (d. 1913)
• October 9 – Camille Saint-Saëns, French composer (d. 1921)
• October 23 – Adlai E. Stevenson, Vice President of the United States (d. 1914)
• October 31 – Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1917)
• November 17 – Andrew L. Harris, American Civil War hero and Governor of Ohio (d. 1915)
• November 19 – Rani Lakshmi Bai, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1858)
• November 21 – Hetty Green, American businesswoman (d. 1916)
• November 25 – Andrew Carnegie, American industrialist and philanthropist (d. 1919)
• November 29 – Empress Dowager Cixi of China (d. 1908)
• November 30 – Mark Twain, American author and humorist (d. 1910)
• December 4 – Samuel Butler, English writer (d. 1902)
• December 17 – Alexander Emanuel Agassiz, American scientist, son of Louis Agassiz (d. 1910)
• December 18 – Lyman Abbott, American clergyman and author (d. 1922)

Deaths

• February 8 – Guillaume Dupuytren, anatomist and military surgeon (b. 1777)
• February 15 – Henry Hunt, British politician (b. 1773)
• March 2 – Emperor Francis I of Austria (b. 1768)
• March 18 – Christian Gunther von Bernstorff, Danish and Prussian statesman and diplomat (b. 1769)
• March 30 – Richard Sharp MP, known as 'Conversation Sharp' London merchant, critic, poet and wit.
• April 1 – Józef Zeydlitz, Polish military leader (b. 1755)
• April 8 – Wilhelm von Humboldt, German linguist and philosopher (b. 1767)
• April 10 – Saint Magdalen of Canossa (b. 1774)
• April 21 – Samuel Slater, American industrialist (b. 1768)
• May 13 – John Nash, English architect (b. 1752)
• June 18 – William Cobbett, English journalist and author (b. 1763)
• July 6 – John Marshall, influential American Chief Justice (b. 1755)
• July 28 – Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, French marshal (b. 1768)
• September 23
  • Vincenzo Bellini, Italian composer (b. 1801)
  • Georg Adlersparre, Swedish military leader (b. 1760)
• November 29 – Princess Catharina of Württemberg, wife of Jerome Bonaparte (b. 1783)
• December 13 – John Storm, American Revolutionary soldier (b. 1760)
• December 17 – Pierre Louis Roederer, French politician, economist, and historian (b. 1754)

Categories: 1835

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